
A statewide survey of pesticide concentrations in Wisconsin streams and rivers was done in 2022. Sample sites were stratified by Strahler stream order and upstream watershed land uses dominated by either vegetable cropping, corn and soybean production, urban green space, or a stratum excluding the previous land use classes. Single water column grab samples collected from each of 101 survey sites were analyzed using gas and liquid chromatography to test for 378 different pesticides and transformation compounds. A total of 140 different pesticide compounds were identified statewide. The number of different compounds detected at individual sites ranged from 9 to 92, with an average of 28 compounds.